Aminet 6/Aminet 6 - June 1995.iso/Aminet/docs/misc/wfbook93_texi.lha/texi/233.data

Text File | 1995-03-27 | 10.8 KB | 380 lines

@node Geography (Tanzania)
@section Geography (Tanzania)

@display

Location:
  Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean between Kenya and Mozambique
Map references:
  Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
 total area:
  945,090 km2
 land area:
  886,040 km2
 comparative area:
  slightly larger than twice the size of California
 note:
  includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar
Land boundaries:
  total 3,402 km, Burundi 451 km, Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756
  km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km
Coastline:
  1,424 km
Maritime claims:
 exclusive economic zone:
  200 nm
 territorial sea:
  12 nm
International disputes:
  boundary dispute with Malawi in Lake Nyasa; Tanzania-Zaire-Zambia tripoint
  in Lake Tanganyika may no longer be indefinite since it is reported that the
  indefinite section of the Zaire-Zambia boundary has been settled
Climate:
  varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands
Terrain:
  plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south
Natural resources:
  hydropower potential, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones,
  gold, natural gas, nickel
Land use:
 arable land:
  5%
 permanent crops:
  1%
 meadows and pastures:
  40%
 forest and woodland:
  47%
 other:
  7%
Irrigated land:   1,530 km2 (1989 est.)
Environment:
  lack of water and tsetse fly limit agriculture; recent droughts affected
  marginal agriculture; Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa



@end display

@node People (Tanzania)
@section People (Tanzania)

@display

Population:
  27,286,363 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate:
  2.56% (1993 est.)
Birth rate:
  45.66 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate:
  19.02 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate:
  -1.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
  110.4 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
 total population:
  44 years
 male:
  42.19 years
 female:
  45.87 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate:
  6.25 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Nationality:
 noun:
  Tanzanian(s)
 adjective:
  Tanzanian
Ethnic divisions:
 mainland:
  native African 99% (consisting of well over 100 tribes)
  Asian, European, and Arab 1%
 Zanzibar:
  NA
Religions:
 mainland:
  Christian 40%, Muslim 33%, indigenous beliefs 25%
 Zanzibar:
  Muslim
Languages:
  Swahili (official; widely understood and generally used for communication
  between ethnic groups and is used in primary education), English (official;
  primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education)
 note:
  first language of most people is one of the local languages
Literacy:
  age 15 and over can read and write (1978)
 total population:
  46%  male:
  62%
 female:
  31%
Labor force:
  732,200 wage earners
 by occupation:
  agriculture 90%, industry and commerce 10% (1986 est.)



@end display

@node Government (Tanzania)
@section Government (Tanzania)

@display

Names:
 conventional long form:
  United Republic of Tanzania
 conventional short form:
  Tanzania
 former:
  United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar
Digraph:
  TZ
Type:
  republic
Capital:
  Dar es Salaam
 note:
  some government offices have been transferred to Dodoma, which is planned as
  the new national capital by the end of the 1990s
Administrative divisions:
  25 regions; Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Iringa, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro,
  Lindi, Mara, Mbeya, Morogoro, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pemba North, Pemba South,
  Pwani, Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga, Singida, Tabora, Tanga, Zanzibar
  Central/South, Zanzibar North, Zanzibar Urban/West, Ziwa Magharibi
Independence:
  26 April 1964 Tanganyika became independent 9 December 1961 (from UN
  trusteeship under British administration); Zanzibar became independent 19
  December 1963 (from UK); Tanganyika united with Zanzibar 26 April 1964 to
  form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar; renamed United Republic
  of Tanzania 29 October 1964
Constitution:
  15 March 1984 (Zanzibar has its own constitution but remains subject to
  provisions of the union constitution)
Legal system:
  based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts limited to
  matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
National holiday:
  Union Day, 26 April (1964)
Political parties and leaders:
  Chama Chr Mapinduzi (CCM or Revolutionary Party), Ali Hassan MWINYI; Civic
  United Front (CUF), James MAPALALA; National Committee for Constitutional
  Reform (NCCK), Mabere MARANDO; Union for Multiparty Democracy (UMD),
  Abdullah FUNDIKIRA; Democratic Party (DP), Christopher Mtikila
Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
Elections:  President:
  last held 28 October 1990 (next to be held NA October 1995); results - Ali
  Hassan MWINYI was elected without opposition
 National Assembly:
  last held 28 October 1990 (next to be held NA October 1995); results - CCM
  was the only party; seats - (241 total, 168 elected) CCM 168
Executive branch:
  president, first vice president and prime minister of the union, second vice
  president and president of Zanzibar, Cabinet
Legislative branch:
  unicameral National Assembly (Bunge)
Judicial branch:
  Court of Appeal, High Court



@end display

@node Government (Tanzania 2. usage)
@section Government (Tanzania 2. usage)

@display

Leaders:
 Chief of State:
  President Ali Hassan MWINYI (since 5 November 1985); First Vice President
  John MALECELA (since 9 November 1990); Second Vice President Salmin AMOUR
  (since 9 November 1990)
 Head of Government:
  Prime Minister John MALECELA (since 9 November 1990)
Member of:
  ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, FLS, G-6, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,
  IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, LORCS,
  NAM, OAU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
  WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
 chief of mission:
  Ambassador Charles Musama NYIRABU
 chancery:
  2139 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
 telephone:
  [phone]
US diplomatic representation:
 chief of mission:
  Ambassador Peter Jon DE VOS
 embassy:
  36 Laibon Road (off Bagamoyo Road), Dar es Salaam
 mailing address:
  P. O. Box 9123, Dar es Salaam
 telephone:
  [255] (51) 66010/13
 FAX:
  [255] (51) 66701
Flag:
  divided diagonally by a yellow-edged black band from the lower hoist-side
  corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is green and the lower triangle is
  blue



@end display

@node Economy (Tanzania)
@section Economy (Tanzania)

@display

Overview:
  Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. The economy is
  heavily dependent on agriculture, which accounts for about 58% of GDP,
  provides 85% of exports, and employs 90% of the work force. Industry
  accounts for 8% of GDP and is mainly limited to processing agricultural
  products and light consumer goods. The economic recovery program announced
  in mid-1986 has generated notable increases in agricultural production and
  financial support for the program by bilateral donors. The World Bank, the
  International Monetary Fund, and bilateral donors have provided funds to
  rehabilitate Tanzania's deteriorated economic infrastructure. Growth in
  1991-92 featured a pickup in industrial production and a substantial
  increase in output of minerals led by gold.
National product:
  GDP - exchange rate conversion - $7.2 billion (1992 est.)
National product real growth rate:
  4.5% (1992 est.)
National product per capita:
  $260 (1992 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  22% (1992 est.)
Unemployment rate:
  NA%
Budget:
  revenues $495 million; expenditures $631 million, including capital
  expenditures of $118 million (FY90)
Exports:
  $422 million (f.o.b., 1991)
 commodities:
  coffee, cotton, tobacco, tea, cashew nuts, sisal
 partners:
  FRG, UK, Japan, Netherlands, Kenya, Hong Kong, US
Imports:
  $1.43 billion (c.i.f., 1991)
 commodities:
  manufactured goods, machinery and transportation equipment, cotton piece
  goods, crude oil, foodstuffs
 partners:
  FRG, UK, US, Japan, Italy, Denmark
External debt:
  $6.44 billion (1992)
Industrial production:
  growth rate 9.3% (1990); accounts for 7% of GDP
Electricity:
  405,000 kW capacity; 600 million kWh produced, 20 kWh per capita (1991)
Industries:
  primarily agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine),
  diamond and gold mining, oil refinery, shoes, cement, textiles, wood
  products, fertilizer
Agriculture:
  accounts for over 58% of GDP; topography and climatic conditions limit
  cultivated crops to only 5% of land area; cash crops - coffee, sisal, tea,
  cotton, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), cashews, tobacco,
  cloves (Zanzibar); food crops - corn, wheat, cassava, bananas, fruits,
  vegetables; small numbers of cattle, sheep, and goats; not self-sufficient
  in food grain production



@end display

@node Economy (Tanzania 2. usage)
@section Economy (Tanzania 2. usage)

@display

Economic aid:
  US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $400 million; Western (non-US)
  countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $9.8 billion; OPEC
  bilateral aid (1979-89), $44 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $614
  million
Currency:
  1 Tanzanian shilling (TSh) = 100 cents
Exchange rates:
  Tanzanian shillings (TSh) per US$1 - 325.00 (November 1992), 219.16 (1991),
  195.06 (1990), 143.38 (1989), 99.29 (1988), 64.26 (1987)
Fiscal year:
  1 July-30 June



@end display

@node Communications (Tanzania)
@section Communications (Tanzania)

@display

Railroads:
  3,555 km total; 960 km 1.067-meter gauge (including the 962 km Tazara
  Railroad); 2,595 km 1.000-meter gauge, including 6.4 km double track; 115 km
  of 1.000-meter gauge planned by end of decade
Highways:
  81,900 km total, 3,600 km paved; 5,600 km gravel or crushed stone; 72,700 km
  improved and unimproved earth
Inland waterways:
  Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, Lake Nyasa
Pipelines:
  crude oil 982 km
Ports:
  Dar es Salaam, Mtwara, Tanga, and Zanzibar are ocean ports; Mwanza on Lake
  Victoria and Kigoma on Lake Tanganyika are inland ports
Merchant marine:
  6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 19,185 GRT/22,916 DWT; includes 2
  passenger-cargo, 2 cargo, 1 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 1 oil tanker
Airports:
 total:
  103
 usable:
  92
 with permanent-surface runways:
  12
 with runways over 3,659 m:
  0
 with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
  4
 with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
  40
Telecommunications:
  fair system operating below capacity; open wire, radio relay, and
  troposcatter; 103,800 telephones; broadcast stations - 12 AM, 4 FM, 2 TV; 1
  Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station



@end display

@node Defense Forces (Tanzania)
@section Defense Forces (Tanzania)

@display

Branches:
  Tanzanian People's Defense Force (TPDF; including Army, Navy, and Air
  Force), paramilitary Police Field Force Unit, Militia
Manpower availability:
  males age 15-49 5,835,064; fit for military service 3,375,567 (1993 est.)
Defense expenditures:
  exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP



@end display